Installare in una macchina virtuale

KDE Linux ships a regular bootable .iso image, so you can install it in a virtual machine in largely the same way as any other Linux distribution — create a VM, attach the ISO, boot, run the installer, then reboot from the installed disk. There is only one requirement specific to KDE-Linux:

The VM must be set to use UEFI firmware rather than legacy BIOS.

Otherwise, the image will not boot. If it still refuses to boot, disable Secure Boot.

Each VM app puts the UEFI setting in a different place — here’s where to find it:

Oracle VirtualBox

In the wizard, check the checkbox labeled Enable EFI when setting up the VM Hardware (Or, from a terminal after the fact, run: VBoxManage modifyvm "<vm-name>" --firmware efi).

Gestore macchine virtuali (virt-manager)

Nell'ultima pagina della procedura guidata, attiva la casella Personalizza la configurazione prima dell'installazione, quindi imposta Panoramica > Firmware a UEFI prima di fare clic su Inizia installazione.

QEMU

Non esiste una procedura guidata; abiliti UEFI puntando QEMU al firmware OVMF. Crea una copia scrivibile dell'archiviazione delle variabili e passale entrambe ai dispositivi pflash:

cp /usr/share/edk2/x64/OVMF_VARS.4m.fd ./OVMF_VARS.4m.fd
qemu-img create -f qcow2 kde-linux.qcow2 20G

qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 4G -smp 4 \
  -drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly=on,file=/usr/share/edk2/x64/OVMF_CODE.4m.fd \
  -drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=./OVMF_VARS.4m.fd \
  -drive file=kde-linux.qcow2,if=virtio \
  -cdrom kde-linux.iso

Drop the -cdrom line once the install is finished to boot from the disk. The OVMF path differs by host distro: Arch’s edk2-ovmf package puts the files in /usr/share/edk2/x64/, while Debian/Ubuntu use /usr/share/OVMF/.

XCP-ng

Set the VM template to Generic Linux UEFI when creating it; that’s the UEFI toggle.

UTM (macOS)

Choose Emulate, not Virtualize — Apple’s Virtualization framework is incompatible with the KDE Linux image. UTM’s emulated Linux profile boots via UEFI by default; if it does not boot, check that UEFI Boot is enabled in the VM’s QEMU settings.

Articolo scritto da Nate Graham, Rudolf Psenicnik, e Hadi Chokr sotto licenza CC-BY-4.0.